The International Legal Framework for Migration and Asylum

This theme attempts to approach migration issues in international legislation and charters, and deals with the development of the international legal system concerned with migration and asylum issues, and the gaps considering the challenges of the current era. It also reviews the disparity between legal texts and the actual practices of states, and the need to develop a more comprehensive legal framework, which responds to emerging patterns of forced migration.

The Human Dimensions of Forced Migration

This theme focuses on the human experiences of migrants and refugees, and the risks and challenges they face on their journeys and in receiving societies. It also highlights the protection mechanisms available to the most vulnerable groups, international efforts to combat human trafficking, and ensuring migrants' basic rights to health, education, and labor.

Migration Management and Integration Policies

This theme reviews the different models adopted by countries in organizing and managing migration flows, as well as policies to integrate migrants into host societies. It also discusses the challenges associated with cultural diversity and national identity, and the role of non-governmental actors in facilitating the integration process and building bridges of understanding between migrants and host communities.

International Cooperation and Responsibility Sharing

This theme deals with the mechanisms of international solidarity in the face of migration and refugee crises, and disparate burdens between different countries. It also explores ways to enhance regional and international cooperation in addressing the root causes of forced migration and building effective partnerships that provide safe and orderly migration paths and minimize the risks of irregular migration.

Migration and Sustainable Development

This theme discusses the complementary relationship between migration and development, and the multiple contributions of migrants to the development of both countries of origin and destination. It also highlights the role of migrant remittances in supporting the economies of developing countries, brain drain, and its impact on human development, and the place of migration in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

The axis also addresses migration driven by environmental factors commonly referred to as environmental displacement or climate-induced migration. This growing phenomenon, resulting from climate change and natural disasters, raises significant developmental and humanitarian challenges that necessitate its integration into sustainable development policies.